Na'urorin hasken rana da na iska na Amurka guda hudu sun fadi zuwa mafi karancin matakansu a cikin shekaru uku, kuma daga cikin manyan fasahohin makamashi masu tsafta guda uku, ajiyar batir kawai ya yi karfi sosai.
Duk da cewa masana'antar makamashi mai tsafta ta Amurka tana fuskantar makoma mai haske a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, kashi na uku na rubu'in wannan shekara ya kasance mai wahala, musamman ga na'urorin PV masu amfani da hasken rana, a cewar Hukumar Tsabtace Wutar Lantarki ta Amurka (ACP).
ACP ya haɗu da Ƙungiyar Ma'ajiyar Makamashi a farkon wannan shekara kuma ya haɗa da yanayin kasuwar ajiyar makamashi da bayanai a cikin rahoton kasuwancin wutar lantarki mai tsabta na kwata.
Daga Yuli zuwa Satumba, an saka jimillar 3.4GW na sabon ƙarfin wutar lantarki daga wutar lantarki, samar da wutar lantarki, da ajiyar makamashin baturi.Idan aka kwatanta da Q3 2021, shigarwar iska na kwata ya ragu da kashi 78%, kayan aikin PV na hasken rana sun ragu da kashi 18%, kuma gabaɗayan shigarwa sun ragu da kashi 22%, amma ajiyar baturi yana da mafi kyawun kwata na biyu ya zuwa yanzu, yana lissafin 1.2GW na jimlar ƙarfin da aka shigar. ya canza zuwa +227%.
Idan aka dubi gaba, yayin da rahoton ya bayyana kalubalen da ake fuskanta dangane da tsaikon sarkar samar da kayayyaki da kuma dogayen layukan sadarwa na grid, ya nuna kyakkyawar hangen nesa a gaba, musamman ganin cewa dokar rage hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ta kara tabbatar da dogon lokaci tare da bullo da hanyoyin samun kudaden haraji don tsayawa kadai. makamashi ajiya.
Ya zuwa karshen lokacin rahoton, jimillar karfin aiki na kadarorin makamashi mai tsafta a Amurka ya kai 216,342MW, wanda karfin ajiyar makamashin batir ya kai 8,246MW/20,494MWh.Wannan ya kwatanta da ƙasa da megawatt 140,000 na iskar bakin teku, sama da 68,000MW na PV na hasken rana da kawai 42MW na iskar teku.
A cikin kwata-kwata, ACP ta kirga sabbin ayyukan ajiyar makamashin batir guda 17 da ke kan rafi, wanda ya kai 1,195MW/2,774MWh, daga cikin karfin da aka girka na 3,059MW/7,952MWh ya zuwa yanzu.
Wannan yana nuna saurin da tushen ƙarfin da aka shigar ke haɓaka, musamman kamar yadda ACP ya fitar da bayanan da suka gabata wanda ke nuna cewa 2.6GW/10.8GWh na na'urorin adana makamashin baturi an tura su a cikin 2021.
Wataƙila ba abin mamaki bane, California ita ce kan gaba wajen tura baturi a Amurka, tare da 4,553MW na ajiyar baturi mai aiki.Texas, tare da fiye da 37GW na wutar lantarki, ita ce kan gaba a cikin ƙarfin aiki mai tsafta na makamashi, amma California ita ce jagora a cikin hasken rana da ajiyar baturi, tare da 16,738MW na PV mai aiki.
"Tsarin Ma'ajiya Mai Tsanani Yana Rage Farashin Makamashi ga Masu Amfani"
Kusan kashi 60% (kawai sama da 78GW) na duka tsaftataccen bututun ajiyar wutar lantarki da ake samarwa a Amurka shine PV mai amfani da hasken rana, amma har yanzu akwai 14,265MW/36,965MWh na iya ajiya a cikin ci gaba.Kusan 5.5GW na ajiya da aka tsara yana cikin California, sannan Texas tare da sama da 2.7GW.Nevada da Arizona su ne kawai sauran jihohin da ke da fiye da 1GW na ajiyar makamashi da aka tsara, duka a kusan 1.4GW.
Halin ya yi kama da layukan haɗin yanar gizo, tare da 64GW na ajiyar baturi da ke jiran a haɗa grid a kasuwar CAISO a California.Kasuwar da aka soke ta ERCOT a Texas tana da jirgin ruwa mafi girma na biyu a 57GW, yayin da PJM Interconnection yana kusa da na biyu tare da 47GW.
A ƙarshe, a ƙarshen kwata na uku, ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin goma na tsaftataccen wutar lantarki da ake ginawa shine ajiyar batir, tare da 3,795MW daga cikin jimlar 39,404MW.
Rushewar PV na hasken rana da shigarwar iska ya samo asali ne saboda jinkirin da abubuwa daban-daban suka haifar, tare da jinkirin kusan 14.2GW na ƙarfin shigarwa, fiye da rabin abin da aka jinkirta a cikin kwata na baya.
Sakamakon takunkumin kasuwanci da ke gudana da kuma ayyukan hana zubar da jini (AD/CVD), kayan aikin hasken rana na PV sun yi karanci a kasuwannin Amurka, in ji JC Sandberg, Shugaba na wucin gadi kuma babban jami’in tsaro na ACP, “Tsarin Kwastam da Iyakokin Amurka. Kariya ba ta da kyau kuma a hankali".
A wani wuri kuma, wasu matsalolin sarkar samar da kayayyaki sun afkawa masana'antar iska, yayin da kuma suka afka cikin masana'antar ajiyar batir, tasirin bai yi tsanani ba, a cewar ACP.Ayyukan ajiya mafi jinkiri sune ayyukan haɗin gwiwa ko haɗaɗɗun hasken rana-da-ajiya, waɗanda aka rage jinkiri yayin da ɓangaren hasken rana ke fuskantar matsalolin kayan aiki.
Yayin da Dokar Cut Cut za ta bunkasa ci gaba a cikin masana'antar makamashi mai tsabta, wasu bangarori na manufofi da ka'idoji suna hana ci gaba da turawa, in ji Sandberg.
"Kasuwar hasken rana ta sha fuskantar tsaiko yayin da kamfanoni ke fafutukar tabbatar da hasken rana saboda hanyoyin da ba su dace ba da kuma tafiyar hawainiya a Hukumar Kwastam da Kariya ta Amurka," in ji Sandberg.Rashin tabbas game da tallafin haraji yana da iyakancewar ci gaban ci gaban iska, yana nuna buƙatuwar kyakkyawar jagora daga Ma'aikatar Baitulmali a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci domin masana'antar za ta iya cika alkawarin IRA."
"Ajiye makamashi ya kasance wuri mai haske ga masana'antar kuma yana da kashi na biyu mafi kyau a tarihinta.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 24-2023
